Abstract: The article presents the results of a critical analysis of the terms that define the digital transformation (digitization, digitization, digitalization). The main distinctive characteristics of digital transformation are identified: it is a process of changing the concept and format of functioning and development of socio-economic systems at all levels; the main ways to implement digital transformation are the translation of all resources into digital format (digitization); introduction and formation of a pool of digital technologies (technologicalization); it is the creation of network platforms for integration and interaction (sitization); transformation of business processes and business models of enterprises, their organizational design and corporate culture, by using the effects of the introduction and use of digital technologies to create value and ensure economic growth. It is substantiated that the digital transformation is characteristic of the third stage of information technology development. The expediency of digital transformation processes has been updated not only for digital business enterprises, but also for industrial companies. The peculiarities of the concept of digital transformation «Industry 4.0» and the levels of its influence on the economic results of enterprises of different types of industrial activity are determined. Three levels of digital production are defined — auxiliary, cybrephysical systems, artificial intelligence. It is noted that the implementation of digital transformation in terms of complexity depends on the characteristics of the company’s industrial activities. The effects of digital transformation that directly affect the growth of economic performance of industrial enterprises, which include the improvement of working conditions with consumers; opportunities for the development of new forms of business; development of new products and services on a digital basis; reduction of losses in various spheres of the company’s activity (security, infrastructure, logistics, communications, etc.); expansion of export opportunities; reducing the complexity of production; increase productivity, etc.