Abstract: The article presents a comprehensive investigation of the conceptual foundations of the intellectualization of capital formation processes at the enterprise level. It is substantiated that the classical resource-based model of capital formation, which traditionally prioritized material and financial assets, is gradually being transformed into an interaction-oriented paradigm in which intangible factors and their synergistic effects acquire central significance. Cognitive, social, technological, and value-based determinants are identified as the drivers of a new architecture of capital formation, endowing it with multidimensionality and strategic direction. Within this framework, capital formation is considered not merely as a process of resource accumulation but as a dynamic system of interaction between tangible and intangible assets that together ensure the creation of integrated and sustainable economic value.

Particular attention is paid to the processual chain of capital formation, conventionally described through the sequence of investment, productive utilization, accumulation, and reinvestment. The study demonstrates that under the influence of intellectualization and informatization each stage of this chain acquires qualitatively new features: investment increasingly targets the development of human potential, corporate culture, and digital platforms; productive utilization of capital is associated with the integration of knowledge and advanced technologies into business processes; accumulation encompasses not only financial and material resources but also reputation, competencies, and intellectual assets; reinvestment evolves into the reproduction of innovations, competencies, and social capital. The formation of such an intellectually oriented process chain provides a foundation for the long-term resilience and sustainability of enterprises.

The analysis emphasizes qualitative criteria of capital formation effectiveness, which extend beyond traditional quantitative indicators and include innovativeness, adaptability, cognitive capacity, value-oriented behavior, and institutional coherence. It is concluded that the integration of intellectual determinants into capital formation processes enables enterprises to construct sustainable competitive advantages, adapt effectively to global transformations, and secure stable economic growth.